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Phonics

At Wildground, our aim is for every child to become a fluent, confident reader who develops a genuine love of reading. Children who read regularly, or are read to often, gain access to new ideas, experiences and worlds. More importantly, strong reading skills equip children to become independent, lifelong learners.

We work in partnership with families to support reading by:

  • Teaching reading through the Read Write Inc. (RWI) phonics programme
  • Encouraging daily reading at home and at school
  • Providing access to a wide and varied range of high-quality books

To support this, we use Read Write Inc. Phonics to give children the strongest possible foundation in early reading and writing. The information below explains how the programme works and how you can help your child at home.

What is Read Write Inc.?

Read Write Inc. is a structured phonics programme designed to help children learn to read accurately, fluently and with confidence. By securing decoding skills early, children can focus on developing comprehension, vocabulary and spelling.

The programme is primarily designed for children aged 4–7, but at Wildground we begin introducing RWI in Nursery and continue teaching it beyond the age of seven where additional support is needed. RWI was developed by Ruth Miskin.

How is RWI taught?

All children are assessed every half term. These assessments allow RWI leaders to track progress and group children according to their phonics knowledge. Groups are reviewed regularly, and any child who is not making expected progress receives additional targeted support.

  • Nursery: Children are introduced to early sounds through short, engaging sessions when appropriate.
  • Reception: Children learn to read sounds in words and write the corresponding letters and letter groups.
  • Year 1 and Year 2: Children follow the same lesson structure while progressing to more complex sounds and texts matched to their reading level. Daily RWI sessions last approximately 35 minutes.
Reading, Writing and Talking in RWI

Reading - Children:

  • Learn 44 sounds and their matching letter or letter groups
  • Blend sounds using Fred Talk
  • Read storybooks and non-fiction texts matched to their phonics stage
  • Develop comprehension through structured discussion questions

Writing - Children:

  • Learn correct letter formation using memorable phrases
  • Write words by segmenting sounds using Fred Talk

Talking - Children work with partners to:

  • Answer questions and practise activities
  • Take turns speaking and listening
  • Develop confident communication and ambitious vocabulary
Key Principles of RWI Teaching

All RWI sessions are underpinned by five key principles:

  • Purpose – children understand the focus of each activity
  • Participation – every child is actively involved throughout
  • Praise – effort and learning are celebrated
  • Pace – lessons are lively and purposeful
  • Passion – enthusiasm for teaching and learning is central
Learning Sounds and Blending

Children are taught to use pure sounds (for example, ‘m’ not ‘muh’) to make blending easier. At school, we introduce Fred the Frog, a puppet who helps children sound out words using Fred Talk (e.g. c-a-t, sh-o-p).

Sounds are taught in three sets:

  • Set 1: Single-letter sounds and some digraphs
  • Set 2: Long vowel sounds
  • Set 3: Alternative spellings for sounds

Children also practise reading nonsense (alien) words to apply their phonics knowledge independently. These form part of the Year 1 Phonics Screening Check.

Cued Articulation

Alongside RWI, we use cued articulation, a system of hand cues that supports children in identifying and producing individual sounds. Each cue represents how and where a sound is made, helping children with speech clarity and sound recognition.

Set 1 Sounds are taught in the following order together with rhymes to help children form the letters correctly and instantly recognise sounds ready for blending.

Sound

Rhyme

m

Down Maisie then over the two mountains. Maisie, mountain, mountain.

a

Round the apple, down the leaf.

s

Slide around the snake

d

Round the dinosaur's back, up his neck and down to his feet.

t

Down the tower, across the tower,

i

Down the insects body, dot for the head.

n

Down Nobby and over the net.

p

Down the plait, up and over the pirates face.

g

Round the girls face, down her hair and give her a curl

o

All around the orange

c

Curl around the caterpillar

k

Down the kangaroos body, tail and leg

u

Down and under the umbrella, up to the top and down to the puddle

b

Down the laces, over the toe and touch the heel

f

Down the stem and draw the leaves

e

Slice into the egg, go over the top, then under the egg

l

Down the long leg

h

Down the horse's head to the hooves and over his back

sh

Slither down the snake, then down the horse's head to the hooves and over his back

r

Down the robot's back, then up and curl

j

Down his body, curl and dot

v

Down a wing, up a wing

y

Down a horn, up a horn and under the yak's head.

w

Down, up, down, up the worm.

th

Down the tower, across the tower, then down the horse’s head to the hooves and over his back

z

Zig-zag-zig, down the zip.

ch

Curl around the caterpillar,  then down the horse's head to the hooves and over his back

qu

Round the queen’s head, up to her crown, down her hair and curl

x

Cross down the arm and leg and cross the other way

ng

A thing on a string

nk

I think I stink

 

 

Children will also use pictures for each sound to help recognise the sound and then form the shape of the sound.

Set 2

The children are then taught Set 2 Sounds - the long vowels. When they are very confident with all of set 1 and 2 they are taught Set 3 Sounds.

Long  vowel sound

Set 2 Speed Sound cards

Teach these first

Set 3 Speed Sound cards

ay

ay: may I play

a-e: make a cake

ai: snail in the rain

ee

ee: what can you see

ea: cup of tea

e: he me we she be

igh

igh: fly high

i-e: nice smile

ow

ow: blow the snow

o-e: phone home

oa: goat in a boat

oo

oo: poo at the zoo

u-e: huge brute

ew: chew the stew

oo

oo: look at a book

 

 

ar

ar: start the car

 

 

or

or: shut the door

aw: yawn at dawn

 

air

air: that’s not fair

are: share and care

 

ir

ir: whirl and twirl

ur: nurse for a purse

er: a better letter

ou

ou: shout it out

ow: brown cow

 

oy

oy: toy to enjoy

oi: spoil the boy

 

ire

 

ire: fire fire!

 

ear

 

ear: hear with your ear

 

ure

 

ure: sure it’s pure?

 

 

 

 

 

Set 3: Once children can blend sounds into words, they begin reading Ditty Books and then progress through a carefully structured sequence of storybooks. Books include:

  • Green words – fully decodable
  • Red words – common exception words that must be learned by sight

Children read each book several times to build fluency and comprehension before bringing it home to share.

Order of Story books: 

Children will hopefully follow the order listed below. The expectation is that all children will leave Year One as confident speedy readers, ready to take on the challenges of Year Two. 

Books

Red Ditty 1-10

Green 1-10

Purple 1-10

Pink 1-10

Orange 1-12

Yellow 1-10

Blue 1-10

Grey 1-13

Phonics Screening Check (Year 1)

The Year 1 Phonics Screening Check is a short assessment that confirms whether children have reached an appropriate standard in phonics decoding. It helps identify children who may need additional support and ensures progress is closely monitored into Year 2 if required.

Supporting Reading at Home

You can help your child by:

  • Listening to them read regularly
  • Offering plenty of praise and encouragement
  • Using the same pure sounds taught in school

If you have any questions about RWI, please contact the school—we are always happy to help.

Literacy and Language Group

Once children are confident, accurate readers, they move into our Literacy and Language Group. These daily sessions focus on:

  • Deepening comprehension
  • Developing fluency and expression
  • Improving spelling and understanding spelling rules

This ensures children continue to be challenged and supported as they grow into skilled, confident readers.